Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Differential diagnosis of hypocalcaemia is extensive, and careful diagnostic algorithm should be performed to adequately treat hypocalcaemic disorders.Case report: Two female patients with hypocalcaemia are presented. The first one was 49 years old, admitted to hospital due to weakness, hampered mobility and bone pain (hips, thorax). Six years ago she was hospitalized due to chronic renal failure, osteoporosis, fractures of hip neck and bot...

Introduction: Long-term use of glucocorticoids has impact on reduction of β-cell function and peripheral insulin sensitivity, leading to a steroid diabetes.Aim: To assess patterns of change of glycaemia and need for insulin at admission to hospital, during days 1–5 and at discharge in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (NST) compared with patients with a history of taking corticosteroids and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (ST).</p...

Introduction: GLP-1 agonists and metformin are widely used antidiabetic drugs with excellent blood glucose-lowering effects, but patients very often develop side effects. The most common side effect of these two groups of drugs is gastrointestinal intolerance in the form of vomiting, diarrhoea, general weakness and dizziness.Case ReportA 58-year-old male patient was hospitalised for the second time in one month due to a recurrence of dizziness, vomiting, ataxia and epileptic s...

A 57-year-old female patient was presented to the neurologist in the ER because of her first grand mal-type seizure. Initial examination in the emergency department confirmed hyponatremia (Na 131 mmol/l) in laboratory findings, while CT scan of the brain and EEG were normal. During hospitalization, additional laboratory and imaging studies were performed. Neuroradiological examination was performed (CT scan of the brain, MRI of the brain and MRI of the pituitary gland), which ...

Introduction: Androgen excess in women usually is presented as hirsutism and alopecia. Androgens could be expressed from adrenal or ovarian origin.Case reports: Female, 57 years (yrs) old, presented with hirsutism (Ferriman Galwey score, FGS 18), weight gain, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity (BMI 38.5 kg/m2). Diagnostic evaluation revealed normal prolactin, SHBG, DHEAS, IGF-1, ACTH, TSH, serum cortisol i...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that can be largely managed in the primary care system.Aim: We analysed medical records of diabetic patients (pts) treated in Center for diabetes in our institution, during 1 year, determining the quality of care.Material and methods: The search was focused on pts at first admission to the diabetologist. Analysis included demographic and clinical characteristics of pts, meta...

Female patient (56 y) with hyperthyroidism (start TSH 0.01 mIU/l; fT3 15.8 pmol/l; fT4 39.4 pmol/l) one month after initiation of thiamazole therapy (10 mg 3 × 1/1 week, then 2 × 1) came to the emergency room with symptoms of sweating, palpitations, nervousness, itching, fever (37.6 C), icterus. In medical history: oesophageal achalasia surgery 5 years ago, non-smoker. Therapy: thiamazole, bisoprolol, alprazolam. Initially in laboratory findi...

Distinguishing type 1 from type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) depends on clinical presentation, titers of antibodies and requirement for insulin therapy. Need for insulin per se is not a major difference between those two types. We measured the presence of antibodies for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet–cell antibodies (ICA), insulinoma–associated protein 2 (IA–2) and the level of C–peptide in a group of 10 patients whose diagnosis of type 2 DM was e...

Introduction: Despite basal-bolus regime many type 2 diabetic patients do not achieve good glycemic control. Obesity and a large number of insulin units per day, even in combination with metformin and/or SGLT-2 inhibitors, are challenge in treatment of those patients.Aim: To assess changes of glycemia, body weight and daily dose of insulin in a group of type 2 diabetic patients treated with basal-bolus scheme (with/without peroral agents), starting with ...

Introduction: Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. People with DM have 2.4–4.3 times greater risk of depression than people without DM as well as patients (pts) treated with insulin. Women experience depression more often than men. Symptoms of depression can make it more difficult to successfully manage diabetes and prevent diabetes-related complications.Material...